Question

One type of these devices is named for its use of an excited dimer. The 2018 Nobel Prize in physics was awarded for developing chirped pulse amplification (15[1])on these (15[1])devices. (15[1])The first Bose-Einstein condensate (15[2])was created from rubidium-87 (15[2])in a Doppler cooling technique that uses these (15[1])devices. (15[1])These devices require a state in which more atoms are in (15[1])an (*) excited (10[1])state than the ground state, called population inversion. Ruby is a common gain medium used in these devices, which are used to reshape the cornea (10[1])in some forms of eye surgery. For 10 points, name these devices (10[2])that produce coherent beams of light, used in barcode scanners and pointers. ■END■

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